In this 2021 speech, Pan-African scholar Professor PLO Lumumba gave a comprehensive history of Pan-Africanism, from its infancy to the present. He added what Pan-Africanism could look like for Africa.
Lumumba touched on the visions of Africa’s first post-colonial leaders, such as Ghana’s first president and prime minister, Kwame Nkrumah, and Tanzania’s first president, Julius Nyerere. Lumumba revealed these leaders did not always agree on how Pan-Africanism could be implemented, causing what he described as a split on the continent.
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